Filter.



Patented Sept: 19', +899. H. R. GAYLURD.

FILTER.

(Application filed Jan. 6, 1899.)

(No Model.)

UNITED 'STATES PATENT frFrcaa HARVEY R. GAYLORD, OF BUFFALO, NET YORK,ASSIGNOR TO THE SPENCER LENSCOMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

FILTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 633,31 1, datedSeptember 19, 1899.

' Application led January 6, 1899. Serial No. 701,314. A(No model.)

To (LZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, HARVEY R. GAYLORD,

a citizen of the United States, resid-ing at Buffalo, in the county ofErie and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements inFilters, of which the following' is a specification.

This invention relates to a filter which is more especially designed forlaboratory and scientific work--for instance, filtering serum in batchesor charges through a porous tube or filtering medium under pressure.

The objects of my invention are to so construct the filter thatsuccessive batches of the liquid to be filtered can be convenientlyintroduced into the filter-chamber and the residue be dischargedtherefrom without dismembering the apparatus to a large extent, toprovide the filter with convenient means for filtering a very smallbatch of liquid, tov provide a convenient clamping device for securingthe filter-tube in the lfilter-chamber, and to provide convenient meansfor supporting the filter-chamber in various positions.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a vertical section of myimproved filter, showing the position of the parts when the filter.

is in operation. Figs. 2 and 3 are horizontal sections in lines 2 2 and3 3, Fig. l, respectively. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of thefilter-tube4 detached and provided with a surrounding tube or jacket forfiltering a very small batch of liquid.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several figures.

A represents the filter chamber or casing, which consists, preferably,of an upper portion a and a lower portion a', the upper portion beingsomewhat larger in diameter than the lower portion.v y

B represents a filter-tube or bougie of porous material arrangedcentrally in the lower contracted portion cf the chamber. This tube isclosed at its upper end and provided at its lower end with anoutlet-nipple h of porcelain or other suitable material. This nipple isinserted in the 'upper end of a rubber delivery-tube c, which isconnected at its lower end to a receiving-flask C.

D represents a packing ring or head which connects the lower end of thefilter-tube with the lower end of the filter-chamber and which isconstructed of rubber or other flexible material. This head is providedwith an upwardly-projecting central sleeve d, which is slipped over theupperend of the deliverytube around the outlet-nipple b of thefiltertube. The packing-head is provided at its periphery with anupwardly-facing annular shoulder (T, which bears against adownwardly-facing internal shoulder d2 in the lower end of thefilter-chamber. The head is firmly pressed against the chamber by aclamping-disk E, which bears against the un- `der side of the head, andis provided with an outwardly-facing annular shoulder e, which bearsagainst an internal annular shoulder cl3, formed on t-he under side ofthe head near the margin thereof. The clamping-disk is divideddiametrically, as shown in Fig. 3, and provided with a central openinge', through which the delivery-tube c passes. The disk is pressedagainst the packing-head by a clamping screw-ring F, which engages withan external thread on the lower end of the chamber and which bears withits flange f v against the lower side of the marginal portion of theclamping-disk.

Before securing the filter-tubev in the filterchamber the filter-tube,the receiving-fiask, and the flexible tube connecting the same aresterilized by' steam or otherwise. It is desirable to place these partsin a connected condition into the sterilizer, but without hav- 'ing theclamping-disk and clamping-ring attached thereto, because thecomparatively- -heavy disk and ring are liable to break the filter-tubeand fiask and, furthermore, because the disk and ring become very hot inthe sterilizer, which renders it inconvenient to assemblev thegparts.vVFonthis reason the orifice-iu theclamping-ring is made so large thatthe filter-tube and the flexible diaphragm can be passed through thering, and for the same reason the clamping-disk is divideddiametrically, which permits the same to be applied to the delivery-tubein assembling the parts or to be removed therefrom in separating theparts without-requiring the delivery-tube to be detached either from thefilter-tube or the flask. If the clamping-disk were made in one piece,it couldnot be re- IOO moved from either end of the delivery-tube,because the opening in the disk is smaller than the parts with which theends of the delivery-tube are connected.

The top ot' the filter-chamber is closed by a circular cover or head G,which rests with its marginal portion upon the upper edge of thetilteicllamber, a gasket or packing-ring g being interposed between thechamber and cover to produce a tight joint. The cover and chamber arefirmly drawn together by a clamping screw-sleeve g', having an internalfiauge g2 at its upper end which bears against the upper side ot' thecover.

H represents a nozzle projecting upwardly from the center of the coverand provided with an upwardly-projecting nipple h and alaterally-projecting nipple z'. The liquid to be filtered is introducedinto the filter-chamber through the upper nipple 7i. During thefiltering operation the upper nipple is closed by a screw-plug L,leakage being prevented by an interposed packing-ring h2. The lowernipple i is connected by a flexible tube or pipe i with a cylindercontaining liquid carbon dioxid or some other pressure medium. Uponopening a valve 'L2 in the pipe t" the pressure medium enters thefilterchamber and acts in a well-known manner upon the liquid containedtherein, forcing the liquid inwardly through the filter-tube into thespace between the same, while the residue remains in the filter-chamber.The ltered liquid is conducted from the interior of the filter-tube bythe delivery-tube into the receiving-fiask. After a batch of serum orother liquid has been filtered the residue is removed from thefilter-chamber preferably by inverting the filter-chamber, opening thelower end of the filter-chamber by removing the clamping-ring, dividedclamping-disk connecting head andfilter-tube, and then turning thechamber back to its upright position, when the residue will escape fromthe open lower end of the chamber. The pressure-pipe t" remainsconnected with the nipple i while the filter-chamber is turned foremptying and refilling the same, this movement of the chamber beingpermitted by the fiexibility of the whole or a portion of thepressure-pipe. By thus providing an opening for filling the chamberwhich is separate from the pressure inlet-opening the operation offiltering successive batches is greatly facilitated.

j represents a vent-opening formed in the cover of the filter-chamber.This opening serves as au exit for the air in the chamber when fillingthe latter, as a means of determining when the chamber is full by theoverfiow of the liquid through the vent-opening, and as a vent for thepressure when the operation of filtering has been completed. Thevent-opening is provided with a cocky", which is closed during thefiltering operation and opened for relieving the filter-chamber from thepressure when desired.

lVhen it is desired to filter a very small batch of material, thefiltentube is provided with a surrounding jacket J, Fig. 4, preferably aglass tube, of slightly-larger diameter than the filter-tube, so that anarrow annular space is left between the filter-tube and the surroundingjacket. The latter extends beyond the upper end of the filter-tube asufficient distance to permit the liquid to be filtered to beconveniently poured into the space between the filter-tube and thejacket and to hold the desired quantity of liquid. The lower end of thejacket is conveniently supported on the shoulder formed by the collar ofthe discharge-nipple I) around the lower end of the filter-tube and istightly connected to the nipple by a rubber sleeve J', which is appliedaround .the collar of the nipple and the lower portion of the jacket.The latter distributes the liquid to be filtered over the outer surfaceof the filter-tube in a very thin layer, wherebya small quantity ofliquid can be made to cover the entire surface of the filter-tube. Thepressure applied to the liquid forces the same through the filter-tubein the usual way, and the distribution of the liquid over the entiresurface of the filter-tube prevents any portion of the tube from beinguncovered and directly exposed to the pressure medium, which would causethe pressure medium to pass through the uncovered part of thefilter-tube into the delivery-pipe and flask and destroy the same.

In order to permit the filter to be conveniently placed into differentpositions for filling, filtering, and emptying, the filter is adjustablysupported as follows:

K represents a hollow standard provided at its lower end with asupporting-base 7c.

L is a vertical rod arranged in the upper end of the standard andprovided at its upper end with a horizontal sleeve l. This rod iscapable of sliding vertically and turning horizontally in the standardand is adjustably held in position by a clamping-screw Z.

M is a horizontal rod which is capable of sliding horizontally andturning vertically in the sleeve of the vertical rod L and which is secured therein by a clamping-screw m. The front end of the horizontal rodis provided with a clamp, whereby the filter-chamber is supported andwhich consists of two jaws N N', which embrace the contracted lowerportion of the filter-chamber near the upper e11- larged portionthereof. One of the jaws is formed on the horizontal rod, while theother jaw is movably connected with the fixed jaw by a pivot n and aclamping-bolt n. By loosening the screw Z the vertical rod can be turnedhorizontally or raised or lowered in the standard for adjusting thefilter to suit the height of the flask. By looseningr the clam ping-screw m the filter can be turned vertically or shifted back and forthhorizontally to suit different requirements and may also be reversed,while upon opening the clamping-jaws N N the filter-chamber can be dclOOIIO

` tached from its support for thoroughly cleaning the chamber after theilt'ering operation has been completed.

The lter-chamber is preferably made of copper in order to retain theheat for a considerable time, thereby permitting the filtering ofsubstances which congeal quickly and become clotty or 4fibrous in theabsence of heat.

I claim as my inventionl. The combination with the filter-chamber, ofalter-tube arranged therein and provided with an outlet-nipple and adelivery-tube, a flexible head connecting the ilter-tube with saidchamber, a divided clamping-disk bearing against the outer side of saidhead, and means whereby said disk is clamped against said chamber,substantially as set forth.

2. The combination with the filter-chamber, of a filter-tube arrangedtherein and provided with an outlet-nipple and a delivery-tube, aiiexible head connecting said lter-tube with said chamber, a dividedclamping-disk bearing against the outer side of said head, and aclamping-ringbearing against said disk and havinga screw connection withsaid chamber, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination with the filter-chamber, means for placing the sameunder pressure, and the filter-tube arranged in said chamber, of ajacket which surrounds Said tube within said chamber and is open at oneend for` the reception of the liquid to be ltered and which confines theliquid in a thin layer against the filter-tube, thereby enabling acharge of liquid to be filtered which is insufficient to ill thechamber, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination with the lter-chamber and means for placing the sameunder pressure, of a filter-tube arranged in said chamber and providedat its lower end with an outlet-nipple, a jacket for receiving theliquid to be iiltered arranged around said filter-tube, open at itsupper end and resting with its lower end on said outlet-nipple, and apacking-sleeve connecting said jacket with said nipple, substantially asset forth.

5. The combination with the lterzchalnber, ot' a cover closing the endof the chamber and provided with a nozzle having a nipple for receivingthe pressure medium and having a separate nipple through which thechamber may be filled and a plug for closing said fill ing-nipple,substantially as set forth.

6. The combination with the filter-chamber, of a supporting-standard, arod capable of vertical and rotary adjustment on said standard, andprovided above the standard with a horizontal sleeve and a horizontalrod capa; ble of longitudinal and rotary adjustment in said sleeve andprovided with a clamp which embraces the filter-chamber, substantiallyas CARL F. GEYER, THEO. L. Porr.

lset forth., Witness my hand this 31st day of December, 1898.

HARVEY R. GAYLORD.

Witnesses:

